Green Card history and format changes

Green Cards have changed several times since the first permanent resident card was introduced in 1940. Before 1989, these cards were printed in various colors and materials, often lacking features we now consider standard, such as photos, expiration dates, and machine-readable codes.

USCIS began adding expiration dates in 1989 to improve security, encourage periodic updates, and align permanent resident documentation with modern verification systems. Cards issued before that date were never invalidated, but their outdated designs can cause problems when used today.

Updating your old card is not legally required, but it does ensure you have a modern, recognized form of identification that can avoid confusion in both domestic and international settings.

Legal validity of Green Cards without expiration dates

Although outdated in appearance, these older cards still carry legal weight. If you were granted permanent residence before 1989, your status does not expire simply because your card lacks an expiration date. However, understanding the legal boundaries and practical realities can help you use your card correctly in today’s systems.

Official USCIS position on old-format cards

USCIS has confirmed that permanent resident cards issued without expiration dates remain valid indefinitely as proof of status. That said, the agency recommends replacing them with modern cards that include expiration dates, updated security features, and compatibility with verification systems. Doing so can reduce the likelihood of misunderstandings at airports, workplaces, or government offices.

Permanent residence status versus card validity

It’s important to remember that your permanent resident status and your physical card are not the same thing. Your status does not expire unless it is formally revoked or you abandon it by living outside the United States for an extended period.

The card itself simply serves as proof of that status. Even if your card is old, faded, or lacks an expiration date, your lawful permanent resident status remains unchanged until it is officially updated. However, older cards can make it harder to prove your ongoing status in certain contexts.

When old cards are legally acceptable

You can still use a Green Card with no expiration date in many legal and administrative situations. For example, it can be accepted when applying for U.S. citizenship, renewing a Social Security card, or as evidence of lawful residence in legal proceedings.

In these cases, your old card fulfills the same purpose as newer cards because it serves as evidence of your ongoing lawful status. However, you may still encounter delays or requests for secondary documentation, especially from newer systems that rely on machine-readable data.

Legal protections against discrimination based on card format

Federal law protects permanent residents from discrimination based on the appearance or age of their Green Card. Employers, government agencies, and organizations cannot reject your card solely because it lacks an expiration date, as long as it remains a valid proof of status.

Still, practical challenges may arise because many systems are not designed to recognize older formats. If you experience discrimination or improper rejection, you have the right to report it to the Department of Justice’s Immigrant and Employee Rights Section.

Practical challenges when using old Green Cards

Although your old Green Card is still valid, it can cause problems in everyday use. Modern systems expect cards with expiration dates, updated photographs, and embedded security features. As a result, certain institutions may question your documentation or request additional proof of identity and status.

Employment verification and Form I-9 complications

When starting a new job, you must complete Form I-9 to verify your eligibility to work in the U.S. Old-format Green Cards with no expiration date are still listed as acceptable documents. However, some employers may be unfamiliar with them, and automated E-Verify systems often expect an expiration date entry.

This can lead to confusion, system errors, or requests for additional documentation. To avoid complications, you can show the employer USCIS guidance confirming that old-format cards are still valid for employment verification.

International travel and re-entry issues

Traveling abroad with a Green Card that has no expiration date can also lead to delays. Airline personnel or border officials may not immediately recognize the older card format, leading to secondary inspections or additional questioning at the port of entry.

Although your status remains valid, these complications can make international travel stressful. Replacing your card with a current version can simplify re-entry and prevent misunderstandings.

Government benefit applications

When applying for Social Security, Medicare, or other government benefits, you may encounter administrative issues if your card lacks an expiration date. Many agencies use systems designed to verify modern card formats, which can trigger errors or require manual verification.

Bringing additional identification, such as a passport or state-issued ID, can help resolve these issues, but replacing your card likely remains the most effective long-term solution.

Banking, financial services, and identity verification

Financial institutions and credit agencies often rely on automated systems to verify customer identities. Cards without expiration dates may be flagged or rejected by these systems, which can lead to delays in opening bank accounts or applying for credit.

If this happens, you can provide supplemental documentation, such as your Social Security card or driver’s license. However, updating your Green Card can simplify verification and ensure smoother interactions with financial institutions.

Real ID compliance and driver's license applications

When applying for a driver’s license or state identification under the Real ID Act, some state motor vehicle departments may not accept old-format Green Cards without expiration dates. Their systems are often designed to scan newer cards that include modern security elements and valid-through dates.

If your old card isn’t recognized, you may need to show extra documentation such as your passport, Social Security card, or another form of identity proof. Replacing your Green Card before your next license renewal can save you time and help prevent rejections.

Educational institutions and residency verification

Schools and universities may also question older Green Cards when verifying your residency for tuition or financial aid purposes. While the card remains valid, administrative staff might not be familiar with older versions.

To avoid delays in enrollment or aid applications, you can provide supplemental documents, such as proof of residence, tax records, or an updated passport, or consider replacing your Green Card with a newer version to simplify the process.

Healthcare provider and insurance enrollment difficulties

Healthcare providers and insurance companies sometimes encounter system errors when verifying immigration status through digital databases. Cards without expiration dates might not scan properly or may be flagged for manual review.

If you’re enrolling in Medicaid, Medicare, or Affordable Care Act coverage, an older card can slow down your application. Updating to a new card can help ensure smoother verification for healthcare and insurance programs.

When you must replace your old Green Card

While USCIS does not require everyone with a card lacking an expiration date to replace it, some situations make replacement necessary. Below are examples of when filing for a new card may be essential.

cation requirements

When applying for U.S. citizenship, you must submit your permanent resident card as part of your application package. Although old cards are legally valid, having an updated card can help avoid confusion and show USCIS that your documentation is current.

Replacing your card before applying for naturalization can prevent potential processing delays.

Legal name changes after marriage or court order

If you have changed your legal name through marriage, divorce, or a court order, you are required to update your Green Card to reflect your current name. This applies even to older cards without expiration dates.

Filing Form I-90 allows you to update your information and receive a new card that accurately reflects your legal identity.

Damaged, lost, or stolen cards

A damaged or unreadable card can make it difficult to prove your status. If your old card has become cracked, faded, or otherwise unusable, you must file for a replacement. The same applies if your card is lost or stolen.

Filing Form I-90 can ensure you receive a new, secure card with all modern features and a 10-year expiration date.

Extended international travel plans

If you plan to travel abroad for an extended period, having a modern Green Card helps prevent issues at customs or border checkpoints. Older cards may not be recognized by foreign authorities or airline systems, leading to delays or secondary inspections.

Replacing your card before long trips can lead to easier re-entry to the United States and smoother interactions abroad.

How to replace your Green Card without an expiration date

If you decide to replace your old-format Green Card, the process can be completed online or by mail. Here’s how it works.

Completing Form I-90 application for card replacement

To start, complete Form I-90, Application to Replace Permanent Resident Card. You can file it online through the USCIS website or submit a paper version by mail. Select “My existing card has no expiration date and needs to be replaced” as your reason for filing.

Be sure to check your details carefully, as small errors can cause delays in processing.

Required documentation

Along with your Form I-90, include copies of identification such as your passport, old Green Card, or other government-issued ID. Depending on your reason for replacement, USCIS may request additional documents such as marriage certificates, court orders, or police reports for lost cards.

Keep copies of everything you submit for your records.

Filing fees and payment methods

As of 2025, the filing fee for Form I-90 costs $415 when filed online or $465 by mail. You can pay by credit card, check, or money order. Some applicants may qualify for a fee waiver based on income or hardship.

Check the current fees and waiver eligibility on the USCIS website before applying, as amounts are subject to change.

Biometrics appointment

After filing, you’ll receive a biometrics appointment notice. This appointment typically includes fingerprinting, a photograph, and, in some cases, a signature. It usually takes place at a local USCIS Application Support Center.

Attending this appointment promptly keeps your replacement process on schedule.

Receiving your new 10-year Green Card

Once approved, USCIS will mail your new card to the address on file. Modern Green Cards feature enhanced security measures, updated designs, and a 10-year expiration date. Keep track of your renewal date so you can file again before your new card expires.

Temporary proof of status during the replacement process

While waiting for your new Green Card, you may need proof of your lawful permanent resident status for work, travel, or benefits. USCIS provides several temporary options:

Keep these documents accessible while your new card is being processed.

Costs and financial assistance for card replacement

Replacing your Green Card typically costs $415 online or $465 by mail. If this amount creates financial strain, you may qualify for a fee waiver.

USCIS considers factors such as household income, participation in government assistance programs, and documented financial hardship. Submitting a fee waiver request with supporting evidence can help reduce or eliminate the cost.

What happens if you don’t replace your old card

If you choose not to replace your Green Card with no expiration date, your permanent resident status won’t be revoked, but you may face longer processing times when traveling, applying for jobs, or using government services that rely on modern verification systems.

As these systems continue to modernize, older cards are likely to become more difficult to use. Replacing your card now can prevent future disruptions and ensure your documentation stays compatible with current standards.

How Marble can help with Green Card replacement and renewal

If you hold an old resident alien card without an expiration date, Marble can help you understand your options for replacing it and maintaining proof of your lawful permanent resident status. Our immigration attorneys can assist with filing Form I-90, tracking your application, and ensuring your documentation stays current and compliant with U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services requirements. We can help simplify the process so you can travel, work, and access benefits with confidence.

Conclusion

While Green Cards without expiration dates remain legally valid, they can create practical challenges in today’s world. Replacing your old card through the Form I-90 process can ensure you have an up-to-date, secure form of identification that meets modern verification standards.

Proactively updating your documentation can prevent unnecessary delays when traveling, applying for benefits, or verifying employment. A new Green Card offers peace of mind, smoother interactions, and continued proof of your lawful permanent resident status.

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